NCERT Exemplar Class 10 Science Chapter 4 Carbon And Its Compounds

Chapter 4 Carbon And Its Compound NCERT Exemplar for class 10 Science

The NCERT Exemplar Class 10 Science Chapter 4 Carbon and Its Compounds is an important study material or we can say it as a strong scoring segment for students to gain in-depth knowledge on the topics covered in CBSE class 10 Chapter 4 syllabus. Studying this NCERT Exemplar will help you make your base strong, and you can easily understand the tough topics as well.

In Chapter 4 of NCERT Exemplar, students will learn everything about carbon and its significance in both the elemental form and a combined form. Furthermore,they should have a strong base knowledge about the versatile nature of carbon and study all its allotropes, discuss hydrocarbons and explain the nomenclature of carbon. They will also be learning about some interesting carbon compounds and their properties. While students have to cover a lot of topics,simplyacad has made the path easy by providing free access to Chapter 4 content that will act as the perfect study tool for them.

Students can take a closer look at the Class 10 Science Chapter 4 NCERT exemplar PDF below.

1. Carbon exists in the atmosphere in the form of

(a) carbon monoxide only

(b) carbon monoxide in traces and carbon dioxide

(c) carbon dioxide only

(d) coal

Soln:

The answer is (c) carbon dioxide only

2. Which of the following statements are usually correct for carbon compounds? These

(i) are good conductors of electricity

(ii) are poor conductors of electricity

(iii) have strong forces of attraction between their molecules

(iv) do not have strong forces of attraction between their molecules

(a) (i) and (iii)

(b) (ii) and (iii)

(c) (i) and (iv)

(d) (ii) and (iv)

Soln:

The answer is (d) (ii) and (iv)

Explanation:

Carbon compounds form covalent bonds hence they have very weak force of attraction. Carbon compounds are poor conductors of electricity.

3. A molecule of ammonia (NH3 ) has

(a) only single bonds

(b) only double bonds

(c) only triple bonds

(d) two double bonds and one single bond

Soln:

The answer is (a) only single bonds

Explanation:

Nitrogen has three electrons in its outermost shell and hydrogen has 1. 3 hydrogen atoms combine with 1 nitrogen atom to make ammonia. These bonds are single bonds.

4. Buckminsterfullerene is an allotropic form of

(a) phosphorus

(b) sulphur

(c) carbon

(d) tin

Soln:

The answer is (c) carbon

Explanation:

Diamond, Graphite, Lonsdaleite, C60 (Buckminsterfullerene or buckyball), C540, C70, Amorphous carbon, and a single-walled carbon nanotube, or buckytube. Are the allotropes of Carbon.

5. Which of the following are correct structural isomers of butane?

(a) (i) and (iii)

(b) (ii) and (iv)

(c) (i) and (ii)

(d) (iii) and (iv)

Soln:

The answer is (c) (i) and (ii)

Explanation:

Chemical formula of Butane isC4H10, here option iii) and iv) have 8 hydrogen atoms, hence they are wrong.

6. CH3 – CH2 – OH Alkaline KMnO Heat 4 + → CH3 – COOH

In the above-given reaction, alkaline KMnO4 acts as

(a) reducing agent

(b) oxidising agent

(c) catalyst

(d) dehydrating agent

Soln:

The answer is (b) oxidising agent

Explanation:

Two Hydrogen atoms are replaced by an atom of oxygen making oxidation of ethanol. Here addition of oxygen is provided by potassium.

7. Oils on treating with hydrogen in the presence of palladium or nickel catalyst form fats. This is an example of

(a) Addition reaction

(b) Substitution reaction

(c) Displacement reaction

(d) Oxidation reaction

Soln:

The answer is (a) Addition reaction

Explanation:

Here Hydrogen is added to oil, hence it is an addition reaction.

8. In which of the following compounds, — OH is the functional group?

(a) Butanone

(b) Butanol

(c) Butanoic acid

(d) Butanal

Soln:

The answer is (b) Butanol

Explanation:

Compound with OH Functional group will have a suffix ol in them hence answer is (b) Butanol.

9. The soap molecule has a

(a) hydrophilic head and a hydrophobic tail

(b) hydrophobic head and a hydrophilic tail

(c) hydrophobic head and a hydrophobic tail

(d) hydrophilic head and a hydrophilic tail

Soln:

Answer is (a) hydrophilic head and a hydrophobic tail

Explanation:

Because of hydrophobic tail Oil and grease is trapped inside a micelle. Hydrophobic head makes the outer surface of micelle. Hence micelle is easily washed by water.

10. Which of the following is the correct representation of the electron dot structure of nitrogen?

Soln:

The answer is d)

Explanation:

In this structure Nitrogen atoms get 8 electrons whereas in other options it is different.

11. Structural formula of ethyne is

Solution:

The answer is a)

Explanation:

Chemical formula of Ethyne is C2H2, Hence answer is a)

12. Identify the unsaturated compounds from the following

(i) Propane

(ii) Propene

(iii) Propyne

(iv) Chloropropane

(a) (i) and (ii)

(b) (ii) and (iv)

(c) (iii) and (iv)

(d) (ii) and (iii)

Soln:

The answer is (d) (ii) and (iii)

Explanation:

Propene has double bond and Propyne is having a triple bond. Hence they are unsaturated compounds.

13. Chlorine reacts with saturated hydrocarbons at room temperature in the

(a) absence of sunlight

(b) presence of sunlight

(c) presence of water

(d) presence of hydrochloric acid

Soln:

The answer is (b) presence of sunlight

Explanation:

In the presence of sunlight, Chlorine reacts with Hydrocarbons and displaces Hydrogen atoms.

14. In the soap micelles

(a) the ionic end of soap is on the surface of the cluster while the carbon chain is in the interior of the cluster.

(b) ionic end of soap is in the interior of the cluster and the carbon chain is out of the cluster.

(c) both ionic end and carbon chain are in the interior of the cluster

(d) both ionic end and carbon chain are on the exterior of the cluster

Soln:

The answer is (a) the ionic end of soap is on the surface of the cluster while the carbon chain is in the interior of the cluster.

Explanation:

A micelle is a spherical aggregate soap molecules in soap solution. In the soap micelles, the ionic end of soap is on the surface of the cluster while the carbon chain is in the interior of the cluster.

15. Pentane has the molecular formula C5 H12. It has

(a) 5 covalent bonds

(b) 12 covalent bonds

(c) 16 covalent bonds

(d) 17 covalent bonds

Soln:

The answer is (c) 16 covalent bonds

16. Structural formula of benzene is

Soln:

The answer is c)

Explanation:

Chemical formula of Benzene is C6H6. In option call the arms of carbon atoms are occupied hence it is the right answer.

17. Ethanol reacts with sodium and forms two products. These are

(a) sodium ethanoate and hydrogen

(b) sodium ethanoate and oxygen

(c) sodium ethoxide and hydrogen

(d) sodium ethoxide and oxygen

Soln:

The answer is (c) sodium ethoxide and hydrogen

Explanation:

2Na+2CH3CH2OH →2CH3CH2ONa+H2

18. The correct structural formula of butanoic acid is

Soln:

The answer is d)

19. Vinegar is a solution of

(a) 50% – 60% acetic acid in alcohol

(b) 5% – 8% acetic acid in alcohol

(c) 5% – 8% acetic acid in water

(d) 50% – 60% acetic acid in water

Soln:

The answer is (c) 5% – 8% acetic acid in water

20. Mineral acids are stronger acids than carboxylic acids because

(i) mineral acids are completely ionised

(ii) carboxylic acids are completely ionised

(iii) mineral acids are partially ionised

(iv) carboxylic acids are partially ionised

(a) (i) and (iv)

(b) (ii) and (iii)

(c) (i) and (ii)

(d) (iii) and (iv)

Soln:

The answer is (a) (i) and (iv)

Explanation:

Mineral acids are completely ionized whereas carboxylic acids are partially ionized. Hence mineral acids are stronger than carboxylic acids.

21. Carbon forms four covalent bonds by sharing its four valence electrons with four univalent atoms, e.g. hydrogen. After the formation of four bonds, carbon attains the electronic configuration of

(a) helium

(b) neon

(c) argon

(d) krypton

Soln:

The answer is (b) neon

Explanation:

After sharing four valence electrons with univalent atoms. Electronic configuration of Carbon becomes 2.8 which is same as the electronic configuration of Neon.

22. The correct electron dot structure of a water molecule is

Soln:

Answer is c)

Explanation:

Option c) represents a complete octet configuration. Hence it is the right answer.

23. Which of the following is not a straight-chain hydrocarbon?

Soln:

The answer is d)

24. Which among the following are unsaturated hydrocarbons?

(a) (i) and (iii)

(b) (ii) and (iii)

(c) (ii) and (iv)

(d) (iii) and (iv)

Soln:

The answer is (c) (ii) and (iv)

Explanation:

Option (ii and (iv )having double and triple bonds, hence they are unsaturated hydrocarbons.

25. Which of the following does not belong to the same homologous series?

(a) CH4

(b) C2 H6

(c) C3 H8

(d) C4 H8

Soln:

The answer is (d) C4 H8

Explanation

General formula for C4H8 is CnH2n and for other option it is CnH2n+2

26. The name of the compound CH3 — CH2 — CHO is

(a) Propanal

(b) Propanone

(c) Ethanol

(d) Ethanal

Soln:

The answer is (a) Propanal

Explanation:

This compound has 3 carbon atoms and an aldehyde which add suffix al to 3 carbon compound.

27. The heteroatoms present in CH3 — CH2 — O — CH2— CH2 Cl are

(i) oxygen

(ii) carbon

(iii) hydrogen

(iv) chlorine

a) (i) and (ii)

(b) (ii) and (iii)

(c) (iii) and (iv)

(d) (i) and (iv)

Soln:

The answer is (d) (i) and (iv)

Explanation:

Oxygen and chlorine are not among essential components of Hydrocarbon hence they are heteroatoms.

28. Which of the following represents the saponification reaction?

(a) CH3COONa + NaOH CH4 + Na2CO3

(b) CH3COOH + C2H5OH CH3 COOC2H5 +H2O

(c) 2CH3COOH + 2Na → 2CH3 COONa + H2

(d) CH3COOC2H5 + NaOH → CH3 COONa + C2 H5OH

Soln:

The answer is (d) CH3COOC2H5 + NaOH → CH3 COONa + C2 H5OH

Explanation:

Saponification is a reaction in which ethanol and sodium ethanoate are produced upon treatment of ester with an alkali.

29. The first member of the alkyne homologous series is

(a) ethyne

(b) ethene

(c) propyne

(d) methane

Soln:

The answer is (a) ethyne