NCERT Solutions Class 10 Science: Chapter-Wise Details

SimplyAcad has brought the NCERT Solutions Class 10 Science to assist students in learning different concepts and theories prescribed in the syllabus. The solutions are prepared by the subject-matter experts in a comprehensive manner for better understanding and clarity. The study material provided can be used as a guide for preparing quick notes for those last minute revisions and practices. It will ensure that students score high marks in their examinations. 

Science is an extremely important subject for students of Class 10 to perform well in their board examinations. Proper understanding and correct writing skills will help them score good marks which is crucial for learners appearing in the board exams. As this milestone will lead them into different disciplines in the coming future, therefore, students must make sure to revise the provided NCERT solutions consistently to clear all the doubts and confusions that they hold in their minds. 

NCERT Solutions Class 10 Science Chapter-Wise

Access all the NCERT solutions Class 10 Science given in the table below by clicking on the provided links: 

 

Chapters in Class 10 Science 2024-25

Chapter 1 – Chemical Reactions and Equations

Chapter 2 –  Acids, Bases, and Salts

Chapter 3 –  Metals and Non-Metals

Chapter 4 –  Carbon and Its Compounds

Chapter 5 – Life Processes

Chapter 6 – Control and Coordination

Chapter 7 – How Do Organisms Reproduce

Chapter 8 – Heredity

Chapter 9 –  Light reflection and refraction

Chapter 10 –  Human eye and colourful world

Chapter 11 –  Electricity

Chapter 12 –  Magnetic effect of electric current

Chapter 13 – Our Environment

 

Brief Overview of the Important Topics of Class 10 Science

Chapter 1: Chemical Reactions and Equations

Chemical Reactions and Equation is the first chapter of the ncert class 10 science students. They will learn about chemical reactions and write equations on them, concepts of combination and decomposition reaction, etc. Some important topics that are discussed in this chapter are:

• Chemical equation
• Balanced chemical equation
• Implications of a balanced chemical equation
• Combination
• Decomposition
• Displacement
• Double displacement
• Precipitation
• Endothermic exothermic reactions
• Oxidation
• Reduction

Chapter 2: Acids, Bases and Salts

Acid Bases and Salts are an extremely crucial chapter of the students of class 10. The chapter is the continuation of some already known facts about acid, bases and salts, for example, sour and bitter tastes that are caused by acids in the previous classes. Some of the important chapters discussed here in this chapter are:

• H+ and OH– ions
• General properties
• Neutralisation
• pH scale and its importance in everyday life
• Preparation and uses of Sodium Hydroxide
• Bleaching powder
• Baking soda 
• Washing soda
• Plaster of Paris

Chapter 3: Metals and Non-metals

Metals and Non-metals is the third chapter of the ncert class 10 science syllabus. Students will explore various metals and non-metals with its properties comprehensively explained in the chapter. Some of the important topics covered in this chapter are:

• Properties of metals and non-metals
• Reactivity series
• Formation and properties of ionic compounds
• Basic metallurgical processes
• Corrosion and its prevention

Chapter 4: Carbon and its Compounds

Carbon and its Compound is the fourth chapter of the unit which is the advanced level of the topic from what we have learnt so far in the previous classes. The chapters discuss carbon as a versatile element and learn about its properties. Students will get to know about the covalent bonds, and how they are formed by the sharing of electrons between two atoms, so that they achieve a complete outermost shell. Some of the crucial section of this chapter are as follows:

• Covalent bonding in carbon compounds
• Versatile nature of carbon
• Homologous series
• Nomenclature of carbon compounds containing functional groups: halogens, ketones, alcohol, aldehydes, alkanes and alkynes
• Difference between saturated hydrocarbons and unsaturated hydrocarbons
• Chemical properties of carbon compounds: combustion, oxidation, addition and substitution reaction
• Ethanol and Ethanoic acid
• Soaps and detergents

Chapter 5: Life Processes

Chapter 5 Life Processes of the ncert class 10 science syllabus revolves around the six life processes that the living organism performs such as movement, respiration, growth, reproduction, excretion and nutrition. Some of the important topics that are discussed are:

• Life Process: Movement, Respiration, Growth, Reproduction, Excretion and Nutrition
• Nutrition: Autotrophic and Heterotrophic
• Photosynthesis
• Saprophytic Nutrition
• Parasitic Nutrition
• Nutrition in Amoeba
• Nutrition in Paramoecium
• Nutrition in Humans
• Holozoic Nutrition
• Physiology of Digestion
• Digestive System in Other Animals
• Anatomy of Digestive Tract
• Inhalation and Exhalation
• Diffusion
• Transportation in Human Beings
• Transportation in Plants
• Excretion in Humans
• Excretion in Plants

Chapter 6: Control and Coordination

Control and Coordination of the ncert class 10 science syllabus revolves around the functions of the nervous system and hormones in human bodies. How the body makes responses and how electrical impulses transmit messages is explained comprehensively. Some of the important topics included in the chapter are:

• Tropic movements in plants
• Introduction of plant hormones
• Control and coordination in animals: Nervous system
• Voluntary, involuntary and reflex action
• Chemical coordination: animal hormones

Chapter 7: How do Organisms Reproduce

How do Organisms Reproduce is the seventh chapter of class 10 science syllabus, it discusses the creation of DNA copy and various cellular apparatus by the cell. Depending on different parameters, the mode of reproduction in organisms differs from each other. Some of the important topics covered in the chapter are:

• Reproduction in animals and plants
• Asexual and Sexual reproductive health
• Family planning
• Safe sex vs HIV/AIDS 
• Child bearing and women’s health.

Chapter 8: Heredity

Heredity is the eighth chapter of the ncert class 10 science syllabus, students here learn about the different variations seen in the newly produced individual even during asexual reproduction.  

Here comes the Rules for the Inheritance of Traits in human beings, which is mainly based on the relatability of a child from their father and mother. These are a few important topics which are discussed in the chapter:

• Heredity
• Mendel’s contribution
• Sex determination: brief introduction

Chapter 9: Light Reflection and Refraction

Chapter 9 of the ncert class 10 science syllabus, helps students learn about the concept of reflection and refraction of light, using straight line propagation. Here are some important topics that this chapter will cover:

• Reflection of light by curved surfaces
• Images formed by spherical mirrors
• Centre of curvature 
• Principal axis 
• Principal focus
• Focal length 
• Mirror formula
• Magnification
  Refraction 
• Laws of refraction 
• Refractive index.
  Refraction of light by spherical lens
• Image formed by spherical lenses
• Lens formula
• Magnification
• Power of a lens

Chapter 10:The Human Eye and Colourful World

The Human Eye and Colourful World is a chapter related to Physics, which explores the concepts of optical phenomena. The chapters study light, its formations, splitting of white and blue colours of the sky, etc. Human eye is an extremely important and sensitive organ, it helps us see the colours and objects and details by using different focals, such as both near and distant. Some of the important topics that this chapter covers are:

• Functioning of a lens in the human eye, 
• Defects of vision and their corrections
• Applications of spherical mirrors and lenses
  Refraction of light through a prism
• Dispersion of light
• Scattering of light 
• Applications in daily life

 

Chapter 11: Electricity

Electricity is an extremely important physics chapter included in the ncert class 10 science book for students to learn about the concepts closely. As we know,electricity is a significant part of our daily lives, without it, there would be a big mess in today’s times. The hospitals, schools, banks, amusement parks, and our house, all need electricity to function smoothly. In this chapter, students will learn about its phenomenon related to flow of charge, universal laws and other important factors. Let us look at the crucial topics covered here:

• Electric current
• Potential difference and electric current
• Ohm’s law
• Resistance
• Resistivity 
• Factors on which the resistance of a conductor depends
• Series combination of resistors
• Parallel combination of resistors and its applications
• Heating effect of electric current and its applications
• Electric power
• Interrelation between P, V, I and R.

Chapter 12: Magnetic Effects of Electric Current

Magnetic Effects of Electric Current is an crucial unit of the ncert class 10 science syllabus, the students will be able to learn about the magnetic fields in an elaborate manner. Students will also learn about the function of compass and how it works to show the right direction, etc. Some of the important topics discussed in the chapter are:

• Magnetic field
• Field lines
• Field due to a current carrying conductor
• Field due to current carrying coil or solenoid
• Force on current carrying conductor
• Fleming’s Left Hand Rule
• Direct current
• Alternating current: frequency of AC 
• Advantage of AC over DC
• Domestic electric circuits

Chapter 13: Our Environment

Our Environment is the last chapter of the ncert class 10 science, it talks about the different components of our environments and how they interact with each other. Students will get to know about the various human activities which significantly disturb these interactions.

• Eco-system
• Environmental problems
• Ozone depletion
• Waste production and their solutions 
• Biodegradable and non-biodegradable substances

 

CBSE Class 10 Science Chapter-wise Mark Distribution 2024-25

Chapter. No.	Chapter Name	Marks
1.	Chemical Reactions and Equations	6
2.	Acids, Bases and Salts	3
3.	Metals and Non-Metals	10
4.	Carbon and its Compounds	6
5.	Life Processes	9
6.	Control and Coordination	6
7.	How do Organisms Reproduce?	3
8.	Heredity	7
9.	Light: Reflection and Refraction	10
10.	The Human Eye and the Colourful World	2
11.	Electricity	7
12.	Magnetic Effects of Electric Currents	6
13.	Our Environment	5
	Total	80